Pedro Augusto Dias (1835-1931), bachelor in Philosophy was the demonstrating lecturer of the Medical Section of the School of Porto (1864-1865), replacement lecturer of that section (1865-1868), lecturer in charge of the discipline of operations (1868-1895). He was interested in various subjects like numismatic, History of liberal conflicts and Portuguese Medicine.
The Room Pedro Dias represents the medical Renaissance and Medicine of the 17th century. The anatomical Renaissance represented in "De Humani Corporis fabrica libre septum" (1543) of André Vesalio is presented in a facsimile edition together with the sonnets about the illustrations of J.St. von Kalkar written by Professor Hernâni Monteiro (1891-1963). There is a collection of natural products with therapeutic use formed by the 278 specimens. Several pictures of excavations in Praça da Figueira, Lisbon, taken during the construction of the Lisbon metropolitan show the ruins of the famous hospital "Hospital Real de todos os Santos". Near those pictures one can see a collection of crockery of that institution, offered to the museum by the nurse-in-chief at that time. The inventions of the microscope and of the thermometer are documented in this room. A copy of the primitive microscope of Leeuwenhoeck (1632-1732) constructed by Professor Luís de Pina can be observed. Some pharmacy vases add value to this room. The exhibited iconography concerns some anatomical drawings by Leonardo da Vinci (deceased in 1519), the discovery of blood circulation, the architecture of anatomical theaters, Medicine of the 16th and 17th centuries and Dutch paintings of the 17th century illustrating medical themes.
